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Capital Gains Tax Calculator
Estimate your federal and state capital gains tax for 2026. Enter your purchase price, sale price, holding period, and income to calculate your tax liability. Covers long-term and short-term rates, NIIT, and all 50 state rates.
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After standard/itemized deductions. Used to determine your bracket. 2026 standard deduction: $16,100 (single) · $32,200 (married jointly) · $24,150 (head of household)
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Rates updated for May 2026
This calculator is for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax advice. Consult a qualified tax professional for your specific situation. Rates last verified May 2026.
Verify rates on IRS Topic No. 409 — Capital Gains and Losses2026 federal long-term capital gains tax brackets
Source: IRS Revenue Procedure 2025-32. Thresholds are based on taxable income after deductions, not gross income.
| Rate | Single | Married Jointly | Head of Household |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | Up to $49,450 | Up to $98,900 | Up to $66,200 |
| 15% | $49,451 – $545,500 | $98,901 – $613,700 | $66,201 – $545,500 |
| 20% | Over $545,500 | Over $613,700 | Over $545,500 |
High-income earners may also owe the 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT) when MAGI exceeds $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married jointly). Short-term gains on assets held 12 months or less are taxed at ordinary income rates of 10%–37%.
States with no capital gains tax
These states have no state capital gains tax.
Capital gains tax rates by state — 2026
Sorted highest to lowest. Most states tax capital gains as ordinary income. Select a state for a detailed breakdown and calculator.
| State | Top rate | Treatment | |
|---|---|---|---|
| California | 13.3%(14.4% w/ surcharge) | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| New York | 10.9% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| New Jersey | 10.75% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Washington D.C. | 10.75% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Oregon | 9.9% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Minnesota | 9.85% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Vermont | 8.75% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Wisconsin | 7.65% | Preferential rate | Calculate → |
| Hawaii | 7.25% | Preferential rate | Calculate → |
| Maine | 7.15% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Washington | 7% | Special rules | Calculate → |
| Connecticut | 6.99% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Delaware | 6.6% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| West Virginia | 6.5% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| South Carolina | 6.4% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Rhode Island | 5.99% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| New Mexico | 5.9% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Nebraska | 5.84% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Idaho | 5.8% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Iowa | 5.75% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Maryland | 5.75% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Virginia | 5.75% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Kansas | 5.7% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Georgia | 5.49% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Alabama | 5% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Massachusetts | 5% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Illinois | 4.95% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Missouri | 4.8% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Oklahoma | 4.75% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Mississippi | 4.7% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Utah | 4.55% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Montana | 4.5% | Preferential rate | Calculate → |
| North Carolina | 4.5% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Colorado | 4.4% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Michigan | 4.25% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Kentucky | 4% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Arkansas | 3.9% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Ohio | 3.5% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Pennsylvania | 3.07% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Indiana | 3.05% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| Louisiana | 3% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
| Arizona | 2.5% | Flat rate | Calculate → |
| North Dakota | 2.5% | Taxed as ordinary income | Calculate → |
Frequently asked questions
What are the 2026 long-term capital gains tax rates?
For 2026, the federal long-term capital gains tax rates are 0%, 15%, and 20%, depending on your taxable income and filing status. Single filers pay 0% on income up to $49,450, 15% from $49,451 to $545,500, and 20% above $545,500. Married filing jointly pays 0% up to $98,900 and 20% above $613,700. These rates apply to assets held more than 12 months.
What is the difference between short-term and long-term capital gains?
Short-term capital gains apply to assets held 12 months or less and are taxed at ordinary income tax rates (10%–37%). Long-term capital gains apply to assets held more than 12 months and receive preferential federal rates of 0%, 15%, or 20%. The one-year holding threshold is one of the most important distinctions in US tax law.
What is the Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT)?
The NIIT is a 3.8% federal surtax on net investment income — including capital gains, dividends, and interest — for taxpayers whose Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) exceeds $200,000 for single filers or $250,000 for married filing jointly. These thresholds have not been adjusted for inflation since 2013, meaning more taxpayers are subject to the NIIT each year.
Which states have no capital gains tax?
Nine states have no state-level capital gains tax: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington (for gains under $262,000), and Wyoming. Note that New Hampshire repealed its Interest and Dividends Tax effective January 1, 2025, making it fully tax-free on capital gains.
Which state has the highest capital gains tax?
California has the highest state capital gains tax rate at 13.3% (14.4% with the 1% mental health surcharge on income over $1 million). California treats all capital gains as ordinary income with no preferential treatment for long-term gains. For high earners, combined federal and California tax on long-term gains can exceed 37%.
Do I pay capital gains tax when I sell my home?
Usually not fully. The IRS allows a home sale exclusion of up to $250,000 in gains for single filers and up to $500,000 for married couples filing jointly, provided you owned and lived in the home as your primary residence for at least 2 of the last 5 years. Gains above these thresholds are taxable as long-term capital gains if you held the home over a year.
What is the maximum combined federal and state capital gains tax rate?
For California residents, the combined maximum rate is approximately 37.1% on long-term gains for the highest earners — the 20% federal rate plus 3.8% NIIT plus 13.3% California state rate. With California's 1% mental health surcharge for income over $1M, the effective combined top rate reaches approximately 38.1%. New York City residents face combined rates of approximately 38.5% when factoring in the 3.876% NYC city income tax.
Are capital gains taxed differently for real estate vs stocks?
The basic long-term 0%/15%/20% federal rates apply to both. However, real estate has a special rule: the unrecaptured Section 1250 gain (depreciation recapture) is taxed at a maximum 25% federal rate, higher than the standard 20% maximum. Primary home sales also qualify for the $250,000/$500,000 exclusion. Qualified Opportunity Zone investments offer deferral and potential exclusion benefits.